AMA citation generator
Superscript numbers in the text, NLM-abbreviated journal names in italics and “doi:” with no space — the style of JAMA and most medical and nursing programmes.
RECOVERY Collaborative Group. Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(8):693-704. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2021436
¹Anatomy of an AMA reference
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AMA rules at a glance
| Order | Numbered in order of first citation. |
|---|---|
| In-text | Superscript arabic numerals after commas and full stops: …trial.¹ |
| Authors | Surname + initials, no punctuation; 7+ → first 3 + “et al”. |
| Article title | Sentence case, no quotes. |
| Journal | Italic, NLM abbreviation without full stops. |
| Volume/pages | 2021;384(8):693-704. |
| DOI | doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2021436 — no final full stop. |
| Websites | Author. Title. Site. Published date. Updated date. Accessed date. URL |
AMA in-text citations
- Superscript numbers placed outside full stops and commas, inside colons and semicolons.
- Several sources: ¹,³,⁵ or a range ²⁻⁴ (hyphen, no spaces).
- With a page number: ⁵(p12).
- Keep the original number when you cite a source again.
Ask about AMA
Answers are AI-generated from the published style rules and can be wrong. Check your journal’s or school’s author guidelines for house variations.
AMA examples
Real works, formatted by the generator above.
Journal article
RECOVERY Collaborative Group. Dexamethasone in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021;384(8):693-704. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2021436
Many authors (et al.)
Novoselov KS, Geim AK, Morozov SV, et al. Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films. Science. 2004;306(5696):666-669. doi:10.1126/science.1102896
Book
Hall JE, Hall ME. Guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology. 14th ed. Elsevier; 2021.
Web page
World Health Organization. Hypertension. World Health Organization. Published March 16, 2023. Accessed September 20, 2026. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension
Book chapter
Atkins P, de Paula J, Keeler J. Atkins' physical chemistry. 11th ed. Oxford University Press; 2018.
Source types supported here: Journal article, Book, Book chapter, Conference paper, Web page, Report / standard, Thesis.
AMA citation questions
What changed in AMA 11th edition?
The 11th edition (2020) dropped the requirement to include access dates for material with a DOI, advises “doi:” without a space, and lists up to six authors before switching to three + “et al”. Web references now show “Published” and “Updated” dates when available.
How do I cite a website in AMA?
Author (or organisation). Title of page. Name of website. Published date. Updated date. Accessed date. URL — e.g. Hypertension. World Health Organization. Published March 16, 2023. Accessed September 20, 2026. https://www.who.int/…
Where do I find the journal abbreviation?
Use the NLM Catalog (search the journal title at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog). PubMed lookups in ScholarCite fill the abbreviation automatically.
Is AMA the same as Vancouver?
They are close relatives: both are numbered and use NLM abbreviations. AMA italicises the journal, omits the month and the place of publication for books, and writes “doi:” at the end; Vancouver keeps the month and the place.