Harvard
Harvard Referencing Style Guide
Harvard is an author-date citation system popular in UK universities and international institutions.
When to Use Harvard
- UK university assignments
- Social sciences research
- Business and management studies
- Humanities papers
- International academic publications
Citation Format Overview
Harvard uses an author-date system with in-text citations and a reference list at the end.
In-Text Citations
Single author: (Smith 2024)
Two authors: (Smith and Jones 2024)
Three+ authors: (Smith et al. 2024)
With page number: (Smith 2024, p. 45)
Reference List Example
Smith, J. and Johnson, M. (2024) Research Methods in Social Sciences. London: Academic Press.
Important Harvard Rules
- British English: Use "accessed" not "retrieved"
- Reference list: Alphabetical order by author surname
- Hanging indent: Use hanging indent for references
- Sub-styles: Check your institution's specific Harvard variant
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